Package which includes multiply film enclosure with plasticizer between the plies



R. J. SWARTZ ET AL PACKAGE WHICH INCLUDES MULTIPLY FILM ENCLOSURE April 21, 1953 WI'I;H PLASTICIZER BETWEEN THE PLIES FIG. I

Filed Sept. 21, 1951 INVENTOR. JAMES r-Lsnrnfiw4 By RUBY .1. swARz FIG. 2

ATTOR N EY Patented Apr. 21, 1953 UNITED -f--sT'Ar-Es rcs "PAcKAGEiWHIcn INCLUDES' MUETIPLY FILM'ENCLOSURE WIT-H PIJ-'As'rlcrzcn flrrwmnrTru:runs

.fRixby Jean-` Swartz an'd James Snyder; Akron, .0hio, -.assignors Ato vWingfoot Corporation, Akron-(Ohio, arcorporatio'n of "Delaware "Application"September 21, 1951,^Se`rialNo.24:7674

(CIJy G-46) 7 Claims.

l '.-ThisinVentiOn relates,l toaanpackage whichv inoludes-.a multi-plywrapperat.least one ply of .whichJsz.non-ilorous` organic nlm. Plasticizer is-..i1 1troduced between. theplies .of the -fwrapper and this-is:dissolvedV intothe-lm, giving ai lm of highplasticizer content. The multi-.ply .wrapper may be in the form of a tube or.a..pouch, etc. There is a limit yto.fthe...amount of plasticizer that can be incorporated into packaging lms by 'the'l film-manufacturer. "Although high -plasticizericontent isdesired to-give the i'llm" added dur- "abilitye'a'd to 'otherwise improve its physical properties, the lm can be handled with only a limited amount ofr plasticizer. .Ifplasticizer is Aadded in vgreater amounts it may exude -to= the surface, making the surface somewhat greasy, or the film may be too limp or tacky to be handledefiiciently. vCut' sheetsor'bags, etc. formed from such nlm stick-together'pr bloclrwhen stacke'dupY ready foruse', or"for=storage or'shipment. To'preventblockingonly' a llimited amount ofplasticizer is -employedby the' 'Ifilm manufacturer and this anlountvisv less than that which will give the maximum improvement in the nlm of which theplasticizer is: capable.

.'According to this invention at leastoneply ofnonfbrousorganiclm is used in ay multi-ply wrapper and extra plasticizer is located' between the'plies. "This extra` plasticizer dissolves into the lm raisingv its plasticizer Vcontentandim` proving its physical properties. It takes some little'time for'the added plasticizer to have an effect' 'onthe film properties. They acide'dplas-y ticizer'maygive to theexposedvr surfaceof the film` the characteristics which producer blocking butfif the vextra plasticizer is addedrafter the package is formed, or shortly prior to forming and'lling, there is no opportunity for the lrns to-block, or any blocking which does occur is not objectionable. The added Y'plasticizer Vmay `be placed between the plies just priorto forming the package or it may be introduced between the plies during the formation of the package or after the `package has been completed.

`The invention relates particularly to the use of a two-ply enclosure, both plies of which are oomposed'of non-fibrous organic film. However, it iswpossible to employ one ply of metal foil or other material into which the plasticizer willk notl organic film but of different composition so-that thevplasticizer dissolves into theorie-'more readily vi71f1ax1l:in-to--thef-lther;

There is :ai great variety" oforganicf lms'i now on 4the marketand: anyoney of thesefmay. be fused in carrying outl the: inventionf. forv example -lms of polyethylene,'regenerated cellulose, .rub-ber hydrochloride; l'vinylhchloride-vinylidene i chloride copolymer, cellulose acetate, etc.

Ordinarily the tWNpIieS-fare sealed together to prevent the escape of the plasticizer, although this is not essential. 'inpro'ducing" the `package one square off'the'flrn` isflaidfonthe table. This" i's'coated with vplasticizerby a" roller or the like. Then another'sheetftplasticilm ofthe same or different composition is placed 'over the coated surface ofathearstf sheet. 1The sheets may bexof: the samel 'size with. their' edges coinciding. The article is placed in thercenter of the top sheet and the edges ofrthe wrapper are brought together around the articleand fastened in any suitable manner.

The invention is easily'adapted 'to pouches and the like. One of the plies of the film used ini-making lthe .pouch-mayfbefcoatedi withfplas'- ticizer- -by- -a roller lorthe. likeand the'oth'erfply then. laidover this. .The -edges-"of the two-l'plies mayA .then be sealed,. although .this is I.not necessary. Then plies are then'folde'd .andlfabricated into pouchesin .any desired manner. 'The plies are sealed to one..another 'during the. formation of the pouch, and this" keeps'the plasticizer .in place. .Alternative1y, Ythe' plasticizer-=may beinjected.between-.theplies of' the lpouch after the pouchV iscompleted or after' the, plies have been sealed .together and.. beforeY manufacturing l the pouchfor alternatively,y .after the pouch hasbeen filled; and. sealed.

"The pouches may be madefromitubes,v or`.\.the tubes themselves may be- ,usedr for: packagingf-as for example, .packagingcandybars,v etc. The ends ofthe tubes will be sealed to lretainlthe extra plasticizer. `Thisextraplasticizer may be applied to one yof the "lms' beforethe tube-is formed, or it may be introducedbetween the plies during the manufacture of the tube or at any convenient time thereafter.

A. preferred Yembodiment of"fthe invention is illustrated lin l. the accompanying "drawing,

Fig. 1 shows a, plan view of "an unfilled bag;

YFigj2` shows anlied bag; Vlocking in the'directionof line`2-2'of Fig. 1;"aridv Although 'it-'is to beK understoodl that the plasticizer may be injected `between the plies of the lm after the package is completed, the drawings` illustrate a bag l'which"contains pla'st'icizer between theplles beforeffilling; and"the'flni'shedz package. The pl'a'sticizer1:dissolvesintoi'tlielm relatively'rapidly and ordinarily the two plies of film touching the plasticizer will absorb an effective amount within twenty-four hours.

In the drawings the two plies 5 and 6 are made of rubber hydrochloride of identical composition. The plasticizer content of these plies as supplied by the manufacturer is less than that required for optimum effect. Therefore, additional plasticizer l0, e. g. dibutyl sebacate, is provided by coating one side of one of the plies with it and then pressing the other ply to this. The plies are then rolled into a tube and sealed to form the seam l5. The plasticizer which coats the areas of the film which are sealed together is dissolved into the lm and does not interfere with the formation of a strong bond.

Then the tube is cut into suitable lengths and with suitable heat sealing equipment the tube is sealed together to form the bottom seal I5. If the pouch is not filled at the time of fabrication, the two plies 5 and S are preferably sealed together around the mouth of the pouch, prior to forming the'tube and bottom seal.

After filling the pouch with liquid or solid material.' the opposite sides of the mouth are sealed at 20.

Example I Parts Rubber hydrochloride 100 Butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer 35 Opal Wax 1 The intermediate ply and the outer ply were both composed of rubber hydrochloride film .0012 inch thick of the following composition:

' Parts Rubber hydrochloride 100 Methoxyethyl oleate 20 Dibutyl sebacate 20 The lm was sprayed with starch solution to provide surface slip. Eight cc. of methoxyethyl phthalate was introduced between the two inner plies of A this pouch. Pouch size was 51/8x101/2 inches.

Bags constructed in this manner, each containing one quart of engine oil were tested by dropping them. The bags containing plasticizer between the plieswithstood several eight-foot drops without breaking. Bags similarly constructed but having no plasticizer between the plies broke on the first drop.

The bags of Examples II through VI each measured five and one-half by six and one-half inches. Each was filled with one pound of rice. In each test ten bags with the extra plasticizer between the plies were packaged in a carton with ten made without extra plasticizer, alternating the test bags and the controls. The bags made a snugt in thecarton so that there was no opportunity for them to shift and change position. The carton was stored at 20 F. for twentyfour hours immediately preceding the test. The bags were then tumbled end over end on each face, and dropped from eighteen inches enough times to produce signicant breakage.

Eample II The bag of this `test was a two-ply bag, each ply being composed of polyethylene lm measurlng 1.0 mlin thickness. Four cc. of 'mineral 4 oil was placed between the plies. 'Ihe bags plasticized with this extra mineral oil when subjected to the aforesaid test sustained only 15 per cent breakage compared with 84 per cent breakage at 20 F. suffered by similar bags in which no plasticizer was used between the plies.

Example III In the two-ply bag of this example, each ply was formed of 120 gauge CA1 cellulose acetate film. (This 120 gauge lm is 0.0012 inch thick.) Four cc. of methoxyethyl phthalate was introduced between the plies. A bag plasticized in this manner and abused as above described at 20 F. resulted in only 60 per cent breakage compared with Vper cent breakage sustained with similar bags containing no plasticizer between the plies.

Example IV Bags made of two plies of MSAT-80 cellophane were used in this example. The uncoated sides of the cellophane were in face-to-face contact. Four cc. of glycerol were introduced between the plies. These bags suifered only 17 per cent breakage at 20 F. compared with 100 per cent breakage undergone by similar bags containing no plasticizer.

Eample V The bags of this example were made of two plies of rubber hydrochloride lm .00120 inch thick. The rubber hydrochloride lm contained;

Parts Rubber hydrochloride Methoxyethyl oleate 8.75 Dibutyl sebacate 8.75

Four cc. of methoxyethyl oleate was introduced between the plies. In the test such bags gave only 40 per cent breakage at 20 F. compared with 70 per cent breakage obtained using similar bags containing no plasticizer between the plies.

Example VI Bags made of two plies of 100 gauge 517 Saran (vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer) were used. (This 100 gauge nlm is 0.001 inch thick.) Four cc. of a mixture of 75 parts by volume of dibutyl phthalate and 25 parts by volume of cyclohexanone was introduced between the plies. The bags containing the plasticizer when cooled to 20 F. resulted in 40 per cent breakage compared with 60 per cent breakage obtained with similar bags containing no plasticizer between the plies. Y

The drawings and examples are merely illustrative and the invention is not limited thereto. The invention relates to the use of any liquid plasticizer. Many liquid plasticizers are known for the respective packaging materials and any of these may be used in carrying out this invention.

What we claim is:

1. A package in which the packaged material is enclosed in a multi-ply wrapper at least one ply which is non-fibrous organic film, and between the plies and adjacent the organic film plasticizer which is absorbable by the organic film.

2. Materal heat-sealed in a two-ply bag, both plies of the bag being composed of heat-scalable, non-fibrous organic lm, and sealed between the plies plasticizer which is absorbable in at least one ply of the lm.

3. A wrapper composed of two or more plies of non-fibrous organic film and betweentwo lof the plies and sealed therein a quantity of liquid plasticizer which is absorbable in at least one of the plies.

4. A tube composed of two or more plies of non-fibrous organic lm and between two of the plies and sealed therein a quantity of liquid plasticizer which is absorbable in at least one of the plies.

5. A pouch composed of two or more plies of non-fibrous organic lm and between two of the plies and sealed therein a quantity of liquid plasticizer which is absorbable in at least one of the plies.

6. Material enclosed in a two-ply container, both plies being of non-fibrous organic lm and sealed between the plies plasticizer which is absorbable by at least one of the plies.

7. Material enclosed in a two-ply container 6 both plies consisting of regenerated cellulose coated on the outer surfaces with a waterproof coating and between the plies and sealed therein a plasticizer absorbable through the uncoated surfaces of the regenerated cellulose.

RUBY JEAN SWARTZ.Y JAMES E. sNYDER.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,113,767 Paggi Apr. 12, 1938 2,176,997 Marini Oct. 24, 1939 2,491,923 Johnson Dec. 20, 1949 2,554,791 kNickerson May 29, 1951 2,545,710 Snyder Mar. 20, 1951 

3. A WRAPPER COMPOSED OF TWO OR MORE PILES OF NON-FIBROUS ORGANIC FILM AND BETWEEN TWO OF THE PLIES AND SEALED THEREIN A QUANTITY OF LIQUID PLASTICIZER WHICH IS ABSORBABLE IN AT LEAST ONE OF THE PLIES. 